Microbial ecology is the study of the relationships of microorganisms with one another and with their environment. Microbial diversity, distribution, abundance, specific interactions, and their impact on ecosystems are explored. Elected by the scientific journal Nature as one of the technologies to watch for in 2020, single-cell sequencing is a rising technology in single-cell ecology. […]
The transcriptome is the collection of all RNA transcribed by an individual or a population of cells at a certain biological state. The studies into transcriptome focus on mRNAs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which encode various proteins and act as cellular regulators respectively. Transcriptomic studies interpret gene function and gene structure in a holistic view, […]
Emerging infectious diseases have the potential to impose enormous mortality, morbidity, and economic burdens on humans. Tracking the spread of infectious diseases to help control them has traditionally relied on the analysis of case data collected during the course of an epidemic or pandemic. Over the last few decades, there has been a few cases […]
What Is DNA Sequencing? DNA sequencing refers to the method employed to determine the order of the four nucleotide bases—adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine—that constitute a DNA molecule and convey critical genetic information. Within the DNA double helix, these four bases pair with specific partners to form units known as base pairs (bp): adenine (A) with […]
What Is Sanger Sequencing? Sanger sequencing, also known as the “chain termination method,” was developed by the English biochemist Frederick Sanger and his colleagues in 1977. This method is designed for determining the sequence of nucleotide bases in a piece of DNA (commonly less than 1,000 bp in length). Sanger sequencing with 99.99% base accuracy […]
What Is mRNA? Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are single-stranded molecules in cells that transfer genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where proteins are synthesized (in the ribosomes). mRNAs are a group of RNAs that can be translated into proteins, while other RNAs cannot. Because nearly every function in the organisms is […]
What Is Sanger Sequencing? Sanger sequencing, also known as the “chain termination method” was developed by the British biochemist Frederick Sanger and his colleagues in 1977. This method is designed for determining the sequence of nucleotide bases in a piece of DNA (commonly less than 1,000 bp in length). Sanger sequencing with 99.99% base accuracy […]
Amplicons Definition In molecular biology, amplicons represent DNA or RNA fragments that are the source and/or product of amplification or replication events. They can be naturally formed through gene duplication. Natural gene duplication plays a crucial role in genomic evolution. In this context, an amplicon refers to a section of chromosomal DNA that has been […]
Mitochondria are recognized as the powerhouse of the cell since they help convert oxygen and nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell. Mitochondria are small organelles (usually 0.75~3 micrometers), found in nearly all types of human cells except mature red blood cells, as well as cells of other eukaryotes (such as […]
What is a plasmid? Plasmids are the small circular or linear double-stranded DNA molecules (ranging from a few to several hundred kilobases) found in bacterial cells but also present naturally in archeae and eukaryotes. The plasmids are not packaged inside a chromosome, and have no distinct 5’ or 3’ beginning or end. They can autonomously […]
Sample Submission Guidelines