Fungi are a kind of magical creatures. They are in various forms, from microscopic yeasts to mushrooms and fungus visible to the naked eye. It is not only different from the photosynthesis of plants, but also different from the feeding mode of animals. It survives by absorbing nutrients from the surrounding environment. Widely distributed in […]
Eubacteria belong to the prokaryotic domain, with prokaryotic cell structure, nuclear wrapped by nuclear membrane, and genetic material DNA exposed in the quasi-nuclear region. Binary fission is the main breeding mode, and some of them can form spores to resist adversity in harsh environment. Metabolic types are diverse, including photoautotrophic, chemoautotrophic, photoheterotrophic and chemoheterotrophic. Respiratory […]
Eubacteria, as an ancient and diverse microbial group on the earth, are widely distributed in every corner of our lives. From hot springs to cold polar regions, from fertile soil to deep oceans, there are traces of them. Although this kind of prokaryote is small, it occupies an irreplaceable key position in the operation of […]
Introduction to Cancer Molecular Markers Cancer, as a group of complex and prevalent diseases, has always been the focus of biomedical research. In cancer research, molecular markers, as important biomarkers, provide strong support for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment selection of cancer. Molecular markers, at the level of genes, proteins, or metabolites, are specific […]
Plant RNA Extraction Overview In the extensive domain of molecular biology, the extraction of RNA from plants is recognized as a fundamental procedure in the study of gene expression, functional genomics, and transcriptomics. RNA,a conduit for genetic information, plays a pivotal role in various aspects of plant growth, development, and response to environmental stresses. However, […]
The integration of molecular markers into plant breeding traces its origins to the late 20th century, when advancements in molecular biology began to unravel the genetic architecture of crops. Early efforts focused on restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), which provided the first glimpses into genetic diversity at the DNA level. Over decades, this field has […]
In the realm of genomics research, the error rate serves as a critical indicator of the reliability associated with sequencing technologies. Elevated error rates can result in false positive or false negative variant detections, consequently affecting the completeness and accuracy of genome assembly. PacBio and Nanopore are two prominent representatives of long-read sequencing technologies that […]
In the realm of epigenetics, histone modification constitutes a crucial research area. It involves a series of chemical alterations to histones subsequent to translation. These modifications do not modify the DNA sequence but exert a substantial impact on gene expression and chromatin structure. Introduction of Histone Modification Histone modification refers to the chemical modification of […]
Epigenetic modification represents a sophisticated regulatory mechanism in biology. It involves the modulation of gene expression through chemical alterations or changes in chromatin structure, all while leaving the underlying DNA sequence intact. This mode of regulation has far – reaching implications for a wide range of biological processes, from cellular differentiation during development to the […]
Chromatin remodeling refers to the process of changing the chromatin structure by regulating factors such as transcription factors, histone modifying enzymes and ATP-dependent remodeling complexes. This process includes changing nucleosome density, nucleosome assembly mode, and even adjusting the structure of the whole chromatin region, which directly affects chromatin accessibility and gene expression. What is Chromatin […]
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